notes/os/editors/vim/vim-ex-commands.txt

C-d
	Activate tab-completion (:set nocp - nocompatible is needed)

Help:

:h
	user-manual
		Open a user-manual (gf - to go to the file name at the cursor)
	vimrc-intro
		Help on vimrc configuration
	movement
		Help on movements
	motion.txt
		Help on motion
	jump-motions
		Help on jumps
	copy-move
		Help on copy and move commands
	filetype
		Help on filetypes
	startup
		Startup and initialization
	text-objects
		Help on text objects
	ex-cmd-index, holy-grail, :index
		List of ex-cmd index
	cmdline-editing
		Help on ex cmd line editing
	cmdline-ranges
		Help on ex cmd line-ranges
	visual-mode
		Help on visual mode
	registers
		Help on registers
	map-which-keys
		What keys to map	

C-]
	Follow the link
C-t
	Return from the link
C-o
	Go back
C-i
	Go forward

       WHAT            PREPEND    EXAMPLE	~
Normal mode command   (nothing) :help x
Visual mode command   v_        :help v_u
Insert mode command   i_        :help i_<Esc>
Command-line command  :         :help :quit
Command-line editing  c_        :help c_<Del>
Vim command argument  -         :help -r
Option                '         :help 'textwidth'

|
	Combine several commands (only the first one have to start with semicolon (:))



Editing Commands:
d (delete)
	Delete lines
m (move)
	Move lines
t/co (copy)
	Copy lines
ya (yank)
	Yank
pu (put)
	Put

Yank/Paste commands:
:reg
	List all the registers and their content.


Line Numbers:
.
	Current line
$
	Last line of the file
% (1,$)
	Each line of the file
:3,18
	Lines 3 through 18
:100;+5
	+5 is now calculated relative to line 100
:.,.+20
	From current line through the next 20 lines (actuaaly, (.) can be ommitted - :.,+20)
:-,+
	Three lines, starting before the cursor and ending after it
:1,10#
	To temporary display the set of lines
:=
	Print the total number of lines
:.=
	Print the line number of the current line
:/pattern/=
	Print the number of first line matching pattern
:/pattern1/,/pattern2/
	Lines from /patern1/ to /pattern2/



Note:
:e $VIM/_vimrc
	To use a rel-variable
:r $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim


Retrieve(read) from

:r FILENAME (read)
	To insert the contents of a file (below the cursor position)
:r !<ext-cmd>
	To insert the contents of an executed external command <ext-cmd>


Write a File:

:w
	Write(Save) file
:w <new-name>
	Write (Save) a file to a new file name <new-name>
:w!
	Force Write
:wq
	Save the file with changes and exit Vim
:x[it]
:wq! filename
	Write to specified filename and quit without confirmation
:w !sudo tee %
	' !' means shell command
	% meand current file name
:w >> filename
	Append the buffer to filename

v motion :w <file-name>
	Saves the Visually selected lines in file <file-name>
	Note: [:'v,'>w] should appear at command-line.


Multiple-files editing
vim file1 file2

:n
	Switch to the next file
:last
	Switch to the last file
:ar (args)
	Displays the argument list in the status line
:ar[gs] *.txt
	Open all the files (by mask) for editing
:rew (rewind)
	Resets the current file to be the first file named on the command line


Execute External Command:

:!<ext-cmd>
	Execute external command <ext-cmd>.
:sh[ell]
	Open a new shell window
:r !<cmd>
	Execute external command and edit its output
:!!<cmd>
	Execute <cmd> on cur-line (spec-object).
:!<object>!
	To repeat the previous <cmd>
$exit
	Returns to vim (probably Unix only).


Examples:
:99,106!sort
	Execute sort for the specified lines and replace those lines with appropriate output.
4!!sort
	Execute sort for the current four lines
!4!sort
	-//-
:h sort
	Help on the sort-command
	


Replace Text:

:s/old/new/g
	Replaces old by new, g is the flag to substitue globally in the line
:#,#s/old/new/g
	-//- starting and ending by the line numbers #
:%s/old/new/g
	-//- in the whole file
:%s/old/new/g
	-//- in the whole file
-//- gc (instead of g)
	with the prompt for each replacement
:&
	Repeat the last substitue.

Marks

:marks
	See all the marks
	

Abbreviations:

:ab <abbr> <phrase>
	Define an abbrevation. Expanded in insert-mode only. No tail-recursion allowed (<abbr> at the end of <phrase>).
:unab <abbr>
	Undefine an <abbr>.



Session saving:
:mks[session] <s.vim>
	Save session to file (use :so[urce] later to open).

Quitting:
:q
	Quit
:q!
	Force quit without confirmation (DISCARD any changes)
:qa!
	Force quit from ALL
:pre[server]
	Writes all the unsaved content to swap-file and exits (later you can continue from where you finished)


Writing system settings:

:mkv[imrc][!] [file]	Like ":mkexrc", but the default is ".vimrc" in the
			current directory.  The ":version" command is also
			written to the file.  {not in Vi}

These commands will write ":map" and ":set" commands to a file, in such a way
that when these commands are executed, the current key mappings and options
will be set to the same values.


Re-Formatting:

:retab
  change tabulation