critical-thinking/course_outline/course4-Data Literacy/README.md

# Data Concepts

## Reporting Guidelines

- [Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions](https://training.cochrane.org/handbook/current)
- [Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis](https://guides.library.harvard.edu/meta-analysis/guides)
- [UMD Systematic Review Steps](https://lib.guides.umd.edu/SR/steps)
- [Duke Systematic Reviews](https://guides.mclibrary.duke.edu/sysreview/definition)
- [BJM Evidence Based Medicine](https://ebm.bmj.com/)
- [CONSORT](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6398298/)
- [Ten simple rules for carrying out and writing meta-analyses](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521986/)
- [PRISMA Statement](http://www.prisma-statement.org/)
- [Grade Approach](https://training.cochrane.org/grade-approach) and [Grade Handbook](https://gdt.gradepro.org/app/handbook/handbook.html)
- [Research Methods Knowledge Base](https://conjointly.com/kb/table-of-contents/)

1. Randomized Trials: [CONSORT](https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/consort/)
2. Observational Studies: [STROBE](https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/strobe/)
3. Systematic Reviews: [PRISMA](https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/prisma/)
4. Study Protocols: [SPIRIT](https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/spirit-2013-statement-defining-standard-protocol-items-for-clinical-trials/)
5. Diagnostic/Prognostic Studies: [STARD](https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/stard/)
6. Case Reports: [CARE](https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/care/)
7. Clinical Practice Guidelines: [AGREE](https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/the-agree-reporting-checklist-a-tool-to-improve-reporting-of-clinical-practice-guidelines/)
8. Qualitative Research: [SRQR](https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/srqr/)
9. Quality Improvement Studies: [SQUIRE](https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/squire/)
10. Economic Evaluations: [CHEERS](https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/cheers/)

## Concepts

- [Misuse of Statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Misuse_of_statistics)

1. [Simpsons Paradox](https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/paradox-simpson/)
2. [Probabilty Interpretations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_interpretations)
3. [Metadata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata)
4. [Observational_study](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observational_study)
5. [Data Generation](https://bookdown.org/cristobalmoya/iscs_materials/data-generation.html)
6. [Statistical Sampling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_(statistics))
7. [Indicators](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Indicators)
8. [Stochastic Processes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stochastic_process)
9. [Randomized Control Trials](https://mladenjovanovic.github.io/bmbstats-book/rct-analysis-and-prediction-in-bmbstats.html)
10. [Observational Studies: Cohort and Case-Control Studies](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2998589/)
11. [Hypothesis testing, type I and type II errors](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2996198/)
12. [Cherry Picking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherry_picking)
13. [Misuse of Statistics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Misuse_of_statistics)
14. [Placebo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placebo) [Effect](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513296/) and [Nocebo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocebo)
15. [Self Fulfilling Prophecy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-fulfilling_prophecy)
16. [Diagnosis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnosis)
17. [Information_overload](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_overload)
18. [Information_literacy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_literacy)
19. [Filter_bubble](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filter_bubble)
20. [Data_collection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Data_collection)
21. [Evidence Based Practice Toolkit](https://libguides.winona.edu/ebptoolkit/Levels-Evidence)
22. [Understanding Evidence-Based Public Health Policy](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2724448/)
23. [NCBI Practitioners Guide](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3124652/)

## Problems

1. [Simpsons Paradox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpson%27s_paradox)
2. [Reference Class Problem](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_class_problem)
3. [Base Rate Fallacy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_rate_fallacy)
4. [Double Counting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_counting_(fallacy))
5. [Sampling Bias](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_bias)
6. [Selection Bias](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_bias)
7. [Self Selection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-selection_bias)
8. [Survivorship bias](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survivorship_bias)
9. [Omitted Variable](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omitted-variable_bias)
10. [Response Bias](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Response_bias)
11. [Data Dredging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_dredging)
12. [Correlation vs Cause](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_does_not_imply_causation)
13. [Prosecutor Fallacy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosecutor%27s_fallacy)
14. [Causal Fallacies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Causal_fallacies)
15. [Information](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Information)
16. [Stylized Fact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stylized_fact)
17. [Conditional Probability](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Conditional_probability)
18. [Endogeneity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endogeneity_(econometrics))
19. [Gamblers Fallacy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambler%27s_fallacy)
20. [Facts](https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/facts/)
21. [Ecological Fallacy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_fallacy)
22. [False_positives_and_false_negatives](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_positives_and_false_negatives)
23. [Type_I_and_type_II_errors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_I_and_type_II_errors)
24. [Dose Response Relationship](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dose%E2%80%93response_relationship)
25. [Confusion Matrix](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confusion_matrix) and [Contingency Tables](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contingency_table)
26. [Berksons Paradox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkson%27s_paradox)
27. [Regression Towards the Mean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_toward_the_mean)
28. [Processes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process)
29. [Statistical Validity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Validity_(statistics))
30. [Statistical Hypothesis Testing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Statistical_hypothesis_testing)
31. [Hypotheses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Hypotheses)
32. [Precision_and_recall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precision_and_recall)
33. [Sensitivity_and_specificity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity_and_specificity)
34. [Causality](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Causality)

## Lessons

- [DataLearner](https://www.youtube.com/@DataLearner/featured)

## Short Lessons

1. [Validity Bias and Confounding](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hhvE40nNz8)
2. [Cohort Studies..... Made Easy !!!](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VbjqYo8h6qA)
3. [RCT vs Cohort](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vTUzrHTC2nU)
4. [Epidemiology: Observational Study Types, Odds Ratio, Relative Risk, Attributable Risk](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9sCFQ1M3L-g)
5. [Confounding](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL6p7gIm6aWd8c64dsLG_XAQlNaYlFqpDX)
6. [What does statistical CONFOUNDING mean?? GREAT VIDEO!](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjIbrNYAd5Y)
7. [Screening in Epidemiology.... made easy !!!!](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cE5a8FGmTDM)
8. [What are p-values?? Seriously.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4XfTpkGe1Kc)
9. [Epidemiology: Measures of Disease: Prevalence, Cumulative Incidence and Incidence Rate](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQHqWy-gmpk)
10. [Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, and NPV](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mDwdlSdwCic)
11. [Odds Ratios and Risk Ratios](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hOtoV2Kjb0o)
12. [Epidemiology: Measure of Disease Frequency, Incidence and Prevalence](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Jg4Dzdvv8M)
13. [Errors in Hypothesis...Detail lecture](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UTS-x7StOcM)
14. [What is Standardized Data?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DOEstU62D4w)
15. [An Introduction to Evidence Based Medicine](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-G2veeYC1Q)
16. [How to Appraise a Clinical Trial - Part 1](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lmbxnnjfnGs&t=1s)
17. [How to Appraise a Clinical Trial - Part 2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mjoxnQ-DpBI)
18. [How to Appraise a Clinical Trial - Part 3](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPTm9amQgEE)